Homeland Security Essay

The challenge to traditional policing issued in the 1970s has created a untried concept of policing and that is the role of policing in native land security. In the wake of the kinsfolk 11 terrorist attacks in 2001, the federal government has shifted to a insurance of fatherland security, and bust of that has incorporated topical anesthetic firefighters and local police agencies (Oliver & Hilgenberg, 2004). entirely the creation has a lot of inadequacies.First, so much confusion hitherto abounds in terms of what homeland security means is it simply be more watchful for suspicious activities, is it intelligence gathering on the part of patrol officers, or is it standing guard at possible terrorist targets in their jurisdictions? Another inadequacy is not so much determining if local police are going to play a role in this spick-and-span popular form _or_ system of government but rather what role they peck play. And, beyond determining what role the police testament p lay in homeland security, the natural extension of this is to ask who ordain pay.Moreover, as the public policy of homeland security is clearly a subject field policy issue, it would seem that the policy will be an intergovernmental one driven by the presidential administration. While there have been some intergovernmental grant programs implemented, many an(prenominal) of these have been slow to reach the local level, raising further questions as to what role carry and local police can play without the requisite resources. While it is too soon to determine how this new policy will play out in terms of policing in America, there is teensy-weensy doubt that this will be an active part of the public policy process in policing for years to come.As America responded quickly to the attacks by educating themselves on terrorism and demanding action from government, the president and the U. S. Congress quickly began a process of restructuring government to focus on antiterrorism (prev ention techniques) and counterterrorism (how to actively respond to terrorists) measures in order to meet these new demands. The creation of the Office of mother country protection and its subsequent passage as a cabinet-level department is an inclination that the national government is moving in this direction.In addition, many of the grants for local agencies are now centered on homeland security, and perhaps most cogent is the fact that the Office of Community Oriented Policing Services had its work out weakened by the Bush administration, but the Department of Homeland Security has seen its budget allocations increase substantially. Although only time will tell if American equity enforcement has entered into a new era of policing, there is little doubt that homeland security has become an overriding policy of the current administration and that, it will continue to be at least until January 2009 (Office of Homeland Security , 2002).Hence, a coordinated response to Homeland Security was good for interagency operations. That is why death chair George W. Bush signed the Homeland Security Act into law on November 25, 2002 ( field of study Public Radio, 2002). It has been touted to be the greatest reorganization of the federal government since the low of the Cold War. Several departments have been assigned to the new Secretary for Homeland Security.Some of the agencies transferred to the Homeland Security (DHS) include the get together States Secret Service, National Infrastructure Protection Center, Energy Assurance Office, National Communications System, United States Coast Guard, Customs Service, Transportation Security Administration, national Protective Service, Functions of the in-migration and Naturalization Service, Office of Domestic Preparedness, Selected functions of the Department of Agriculture, Federal Law Enforcement fosterage Center, National Bio-Weapons Defense Analysis Center, Nuclear threat assessment programs, Federal fate Manage ment Agency, Domestic Emergency Support Team, Metropolitan medical exam Response System, National Disaster Medical System, Strategic National sprout of the Department of Public Health, Nuclear Incident Response Team, A new Bureau of Citizenship and Immigration Services.Further, this new department is arranged under fivesome Under Secretaries for (1) Information Analysis and Infrastructure, (2) Science and Technology, (3) Border and Transportation Security, (4) Emergency Preparedness and Response, and (5) Management Services (Oliver, 341-342). The purpose of this massive reorganization of course of study is to centralize government planning and response. The DHS has been charged to cooperate and coordinate with state and local governments. The CIA and FBI remain separate agencies. In the homeland security, the government is profession for full participation by state and local agencies. Hence, it is good as it seeks to develop cooperative relationships with existing police agenci es and homeland defense managers essential to negotiate power sharing arrangements with state and local police.